Frost: Subfreezing temperatures, which can damage or kill vines, are especially harmful in the early spring after budbreak. Heaters known as smudge pots, wind machines that keep cold air from settling in the vineyard and aspersion (using water sprinklers to form a protective barrier of ice around young vine buds) may be used when frosts are forecast. In the winter, before budbreak, a moderate frost can be a blessing; it hardens the vine’s wood and also kills spores and pests living under the bark.

霜冻：低于冰点的温度，可以破坏或杀死葡萄藤，尤其在早春蓓蕾萌芽以后。当预报冻霜的时候，可以使用加热器（比如烟熏炉），防止冷空气停留在葡萄园的风机和洒水（用洒水器在年轻的葡萄蓓蕾周围形成一个保护冰屏障）。冬天，在蓓蕾萌芽之前，温和的冻霜是有好处的，它使葡萄藤木变硬，同时杀死树皮下的孢子和害虫。